Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)

Overview:

Eosinophilic Esophagitis is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by

inflammation of the esophagus. It is often triggered by an allergic response, leading to

the accumulation of immune cells called eosinophils in the esophageal lining.

Understanding the causes, symptoms, and available treatments is essential for

managing EoE effectively.

Causes:

● Allergic Responses: EoE is commonly associated with allergic reactions to

certain foods or environmental allergens.

● Genetic Predisposition: There may be a genetic component, as EoE tends to run

in families.

● Immune System Dysfunction: Abnormal immune system responses in the

esophagus contribute to the inflammation seen in EoE.

Symptoms:

● Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing, often with a sensation of food getting stuck in

the throat.

● Food Impaction: Episodes of solid food becoming lodged in the esophagus.

● Heartburn: Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation.

● Abdominal Pain: Discomfort or pain in the chest or upper abdomen.

● Failure to Thrive (in children): Impaired growth and development in pediatric cases.

Treatment:

● Dietary Changes: Identifying and eliminating trigger foods from the diet, often

through an elimination diet under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

● Topical Steroids: Swallowed or inhaled steroids to reduce inflammation in the esophagus.

● Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Medications that reduce stomach acid production,

which may help alleviate symptoms.

● Esophageal Dilation: In cases of severe narrowing (strictures) in the esophagus, a

procedure to widen the affected area.

● Biologic Medications: Emerging therapies, such as biologic medications targeting

specific immune pathways, may be considered for refractory cases.

Prevention:

● Identifying Triggers: Conducting allergy testing to identify and avoid specific

foods or environmental allergens triggering EoE.

● Regular Monitoring: Routine follow-ups with healthcare providers for monitoring

and adjustment of treatment plans.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. The

goal of treatment is to control inflammation, alleviate symptoms, and improve the

quality of life for individuals with EoE. Close collaboration with allergists,

gastroenterologists, and other healthcare professionals is essential for an accurate

diagnosis and the development of a personalized treatment approach tailored to the

individual's specific triggers and symptoms.